Which governmental body has the authority to initiate legislation concerning taxation?

The authority to initiate legislation concerning taxation primarily resides with the House of Representatives. This is established by the U.S. Constitution, specifically in Article I, Section 7, which states that all bills for raising revenue must originate in the House. This provision underscores the principle of direct representation, as members of the House are elected directly by the people, making them more accountable regarding taxation measures which directly affect citizens.

In contrast, while the Senate can propose amendments to tax legislation and has the authority to vote on tax-related bills, it cannot be the starting point for such legislation. The President can suggest tax reforms and has the power to veto tax legislation but does not have the authority to create it. The Supreme Court, on the other hand, is responsible for interpreting laws and ensuring their constitutionality but does not engage in the legislative process itself.