Which concept describes the division of responsibilities among various government branches?

The concept that describes the division of responsibilities among various government branches is checks and balances. This system is a foundational principle in many democratic governments, particularly in the United States, where it ensures that no single branch of government—executive, legislative, or judicial—holds too much power. Each branch has specific responsibilities and the authority to monitor and limit the actions of the other branches. This mechanism promotes accountability and prevents the abuse of power, fostering a balance that is essential for the functioning of democracy.

In contrast, centralization refers to the concentration of decision-making authority at a single point within an organization or government, which is contrary to the division of power. Delegation involves assigning specific responsibilities or tasks to different individuals or groups but does not inherently imply a structured separation of powers like checks and balances. Segregation typically refers to the separation of different groups, often in a social context, and lacks the specific connotation of governmental structure and authority that checks and balances embodies.