Which branch of government is primarily responsible for making treaties with foreign governments?

The executive branch is primarily responsible for making treaties with foreign governments due to its constitutional authority. According to Article II, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, the president has the power to negotiate treaties, which require the advice and consent of the Senate. This means that while the negotiation of treaties is largely the purview of the executive branch, their ratification requires collaboration with the legislative branch, specifically the Senate's approval.

This division of responsibilities ensures that while the executive can engage directly with foreign governments, such actions are subject to oversight and consent from elected representatives, reinforcing the system of checks and balances fundamental to the U.S. government. The judicial branch, on the other hand, interprets laws and treaties but does not have the authority to create or negotiate them, which is why it is not the correct answer. The term "federal branch" is not a recognized or distinct branch of government, making it an incorrect choice as well.