What is the purpose of the system of checks and balances?

The purpose of the system of checks and balances is to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful. This framework, established by the U.S. Constitution, divides the government into three branches: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. Each branch has its own distinct powers and responsibilities, as well as mechanisms to oversee and limit the powers of the other branches.

This design is critical for maintaining a balance of power, ensuring that no single branch can wield unchecked authority or dominate the government. For instance, while Congress (the legislative branch) makes laws, the President (the executive branch) has the power to veto legislation, and the courts (the judicial branch) can rule laws unconstitutional. This interplay creates a system that encourages cooperation and accountability, safeguarding democratic principles and protecting individual rights.

In contrast, other choices reflect different governmental priorities or effects. Efficiency in government operations might be a benefit, but it is not the core purpose of checks and balances. Similarly, maintaining military control is not related to the intention behind this system, nor is centralizing government power, which directly opposes the foundational idea of preventing any branch from overreaching its authority.