What is the primary role of the U.S. Supreme Court?

The primary role of the U.S. Supreme Court is to interpret the Constitution and serve as the highest court in the United States. This function is critical as it allows the Supreme Court to determine the constitutionality of laws and executive actions, thereby protecting individual rights and maintaining the rule of law within the federal system. The Court's interpretations set legal precedents that guide lower courts and influence legislation, ensuring that the Constitution remains a living document that reflects contemporary values and judicial philosophies.

The Supreme Court often hears cases that involve significant legal questions, including those that address conflicts between state and federal laws, or those that raise issues of fundamental rights. By fulfilling this role, the Court not only resolves disputes but also shapes the legal framework within which laws are enforced and public policy is developed. This establishes the Supreme Court as a vital component of the checks and balances system inherent in the U.S. government.