What is a referendum?

A referendum is indeed defined as a direct vote by the electorate on a particular proposal, allowing citizens to have a say on specific legislative measures or policy decisions. This process typically involves voting on issues such as constitutional amendments, changes in laws, or important governmental proposals, which can significantly influence public policy.

In a referendum, the electorate votes directly rather than through elected representatives, making it a tool for direct democracy. This allows citizens to express their opinions and make important decisions on matters that directly affect them. The outcome of a referendum can lead to significant changes in governance and law depending on the majority vote.

Other options presented do not align with the definition of a referendum. A vote by elected officials pertains to representative decision-making, which contrasts with the direct voting nature of a referendum. Polling methods involve collecting public opinion but do not necessarily result in binding decisions. Lastly, a conference for discussing proposed laws does not involve direct voting or citizen participation in decision-making, as it focuses more on deliberation rather than action.