What does the process of impeachment involve?

The process of impeachment primarily involves a formal charge against a public official. This charge typically addresses misconduct or violations of duty, which can include actions such as abuse of power, bribery, or other serious offenses. The impeachment process starts in the legislative body, where members investigate and gather evidence related to the allegations against the official. If sufficient grounds are found, a formal impeachment vote takes place.

While impeachment often leads to a trial, that trial specifically assesses the evidence and determines whether the official should be removed from office. This is distinct from the impeachment process itself, which does not determine guilt in a criminal sense, as it is more about the fitness for office rather than legal culpability. Additionally, impeachment is not a vote of confidence or a public referendum, but rather a legislative action that reflects the opinion of elected representatives regarding the official's conduct.