What are "entitlements" in the context of government spending?

Entitlements refer to government programs that are designed to provide guaranteed benefits to specific groups of people, often based on criteria such as age, income, or disability. This includes well-known programs like Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid in the United States. These programs are established through law, which creates a legal obligation for the government to provide benefits to those who meet the eligibility requirements.

The significance of entitlements lies in their structural nature; they are not subject to the annual appropriations process and must be funded each year, regardless of budget conditions. This commitment means that millions of individuals rely on these benefits for essential support, reflecting the government's role in providing a safety net for its citizens.

Understanding entitlements is crucial as they represent a significant portion of federal expenditures, influencing discussions around budget priorities and fiscal policy.